Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are noncancerous growths that develop in the muscle layer of the uterus. These tumors are surprisingly common, affecting up to 70% of women by the age of 50 [Mayo Clinic]. While the exact cause of fibroids remains unknown, hormonal influences and genetic factors are believed to play a role. The good news is that most fibroids don’t cause any symptoms and often go undetected. However, for some women, fibroids can lead to a variety of unpleasant experiences that can significantly impact their quality of life.
The symptoms of uterine fibroids can vary greatly depending on the size, location, and number of fibroids present. Some women may not experience any symptoms at all. However, common signs include heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, uterine fibroids pelvic pain or pressure, frequent urination, pain during intercourse, and difficulty getting pregnant. The severity of these symptoms can range from mild to debilitating.
If you’re experiencing symptoms that suggest fibroids, it’s important to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis. Diagnosis typically involves a pelvic exam, ultrasound imaging, or other tests to confirm the presence and location of fibroids. Once diagnosed, treatment options will depend on the severity of your symptoms, your desire for future pregnancy, and other individual factors.
For women with mild symptoms or no symptoms at all, watchful waiting may be the recommended course of action. This involves monitoring the fibroids over time for any changes. However, if your symptoms are bothersome or interfering with your daily life, there are several treatment options available.
Medications can be a first-line treatment for some women. These may include medications that regulate hormones, such as birth control pills or medications that work to shrink fibroids. Another option is minimally invasive procedures like uterine artery embolization (UAE) or myolysis, which use heat or focused ultrasound energy to shrink fibroids.
In some cases, surgery may be recommended. Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. Hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, is typically considered a last resort, but it may be an option for women with severe symptoms or who no longer wish to have children.
While there’s no guaranteed way to prevent uterine fibroids, maintaining a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise may help reduce your risk. Additionally, maintaining a healthy weight can be beneficial, as obesity is linked to an increased risk of fibroids.
Living with uterine fibroids can be challenging, but it’s important to remember that you’re not alone. Many women experience this condition, and there are a variety of treatment options available to manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. By talking to your doctor and exploring your options, you can find a treatment plan that works best for you.
Uterine fibroids are a common condition, and while they can cause problems for some women, they are not life-threatening. If you’re experiencing symptoms, a doctor can help you develop a treatment plan to manage your fibroids and ensure your overall well-being. Don’t hesitate to seek medical advice and work with your doctor to find the best course of action for you.
